Nokuba yeyiphi na imigca yamandla ombane aphezulu naphantsi kunye nemigca ephezulu yokuthintela ngokuzenzekelayo, kukho ubukhulu becala olu luhlu lulandelayo lolwakheko: ipali yomgca, ipali yokuphola, intonga yoxinzelelo, i-terminal pole njalo njalo.

Ulwahlulo oluqhelekileyo lwesakhiwo sepali:
(A)ipali yomgca othe ngqo- ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-intermediate pole. Misela kumgca othe tye, ipali ngaphambi nangemva kocingo lohlobo olufanayo kunye nenani elilinganayo kunye nocingo kumacala omabini oxinzelelo lilingana, kuphela kwikhefu lomgca ukumelana noxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kumacala omabini.
b Uxinzelelo lwenqaba, le nqaba ibizwa ngokuba yintonga yoxinzelelo. Intonga yoxinzelelo ibekwe kwicala lomgca, ukuze ukwazi ukuthintela ukuqhekeka komgca, impazamo isasazeka kuwo wonke umgca, kwaye kuphela ukungalingani koxinzelelo kulinganiselwe kurhulumente phakathi kwentonga yoxinzelelo. Umgama phakathi kweentonga ezimbini zoxinzelelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-tensioning section okanye umgama wegiya yoxinzelelo, iintambo zombane ezinde zibonelela ngokubanzi ngekhilomitha e-1 yecandelo loxinzelelo, kodwa nangokungqinelana neemeko zokusebenza ukuba zilungele ukwandisa okanye ukunciphisa. Kwinani leengcingo kunye ne-cross-section yendawo itshintshile, kodwa kunye nokusebenzisa intonga yoxinzelelo.
(C)ipali yekonautshintsho kwindlela yomgca ongaphezulu kwendawo, i-pali yekona iyakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo, inokuba yilayini, ngokwenqaba elayishwe ngocingo loxinzelelo.
(D)i-terminal pole - umgca we-overhead ekuqaleni kunye nokuphela, kuba i-terminal pole kuphela icala elinye lomqhubi, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo nazo kufuneka zimelane noxinzelelo, ngoko ke ukufaka intambo.
Uhlobo lwe-conductor: i-steel-core aluminium stranded wire inamandla okwaneleyo omatshini, ukuhanjiswa kombane okulungileyo, ubunzima bokukhanya, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukuxhathisa ukubola, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintambo zamandla eziphezulu ze-voltage.
Ubuncinane bomhlaba onqamlezileyo we-condactor awukho ngaphantsi kwe-50mm² kwiintambo ezizivalayo kunye ne-50mm² ngemigca.
I-pitch yomgca: ukhetho lwe-pitch lufanelekile ukuba luthathe iindawo zokuhlala zamathafa 60-80m, iindawo ezingezizo zokuhlala 65-90m, kodwa nangokwemeko yangempela kwisayithi.
Ukutshintshwa kweConductor: umqhubi kufuneka amkele lonke uguqulo lwecandelo, rhoqo kwi-3-4km yokutshintshwa, ikhefu ngalinye ukuseka umjikelo wokutshintshwa, emva komjikelo wokutshintshwa, phambi kokwaziswa kwesikhululo esingaphantsi kufuneka sigcinwe ekusungulweni kokusasazwa kobumelwane ababini. umgca wesigaba esifanayo. Indima: ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo imigca evulekileyo kunye nemigca yomqondiso; ukuthintela umbane ogqithisileyo.

Ukuhlelwa kweentambo zamandla aphezulu, nokuba yimigca ye-voltage ephezulu, imigca ye-voltage ephantsi okanye imigca ye-truncation ezenzekelayo, inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezilandelayo: iipali ezithe tye, iipali ezithe tye, iipali zokubopha kunye neepali ze-terminal.
1. Ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo zeepali zombane eziqhelekileyo
Uhlobo olunye. Ipali ethe tye: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yipali esembindini, efakwe kwicandelo elithe tye, xa uhlobo kunye nenani lee-conductor zifana, ukuxinana kumacala omabini epali kuyalingana. Imelana kuphela noxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kumacala omabini xa umqhubi ephuka.
Ifakwe kwicandelo elichanekileyo xa abaqhubi bezohlobo olufanayo kunye nenombolo. b. Iipali ezixhathisa iTension: Xa umgca unqanyuliwe, umgca unokuthi ube phantsi kwamandla obunzima. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukusasazeka kweziphene, kuyimfuneko ukufaka iintonga ezinamandla amakhulu omatshini kwaye zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo kwiindawo ezithile, ezibizwa ngokuba yimivalo yoxinzelelo. Iirodi zoxinzelelo zibonelelwa ngemigca yoxinzelelo ecaleni komgca ukunqanda ukwanda kweziphene kunye nokunciphisa ukungalingani koxinzelelo phakathi kweentonga ezimbini zoxinzelelo. Umgama phakathi kweentonga ezimbini zoxinzelelo zibizwa ngokuba yi-tension section okanye i-tension span, edla ngokumiselwa kwi-1 km kwiintambo zamandla ezinde, kodwa zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokweemeko zokusebenza. Iintsimbi zoxinzelelo zikwasetyenziswa apho inani kunye necandelo elinqamlezayo labaqhubi bahluka.
c. Iirodi ze-engile: Isetyenziswa njengotshintsho lwendawo yendlela yeentambo zamandla ezingaphezulu. Iipali ze-engile zinokucinezelwa okanye zilinganiswe. Ukufakwa kwemigca yoxinzelelo kuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo lwepali.
d. Izithuba zokuphelisa: Zisetyenziswa ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwemigca yombane engaphezulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, elinye icala lesithuba se-terminal liphantsi koxinzelelo kwaye lixhotyiswe ngocingo lwe-tension.
Uhlobo lwe-Conductor: I-Aluminium core stranded wire (ACSR) isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintambo zamandla aphezulu ombane ophezulu ngenxa yamandla awo aneleyo omatshini, ukuhanjiswa kombane okulungileyo, ubunzima bokukhanya, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nokumelana nokubola. Kwimizila ye-10 kV ephezulu, ii-conductor zihlelwe kwii-conductor ezingenanto kunye nee-conductor ezikhuselweyo. Iiconductors ezikhuselweyo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezinamahlathi kunye neendawo ezinomhlaba onganelanga.
I-Conductor cross-section: Iingcingo ze-steel-core aluminiyam ezirhintyelwe ezinobuncinane bamacandelo anqamlezayo angekho ngaphantsi kwe-50mm² zidla ngokusetyenziselwa imigca yokuzivala kunye nangemigca.
Umgama womgca: Umgama phakathi kwemigca kwiindawo zokuhlala ezithe tyaba yi-60-80m, kwaye umgama phakathi kwemigca kwiindawo ezingezizo zokuhlala ngu-65-90m, onokuthi ulungelelaniswe ngokwemeko yangempela kwisayithi.
Ukubuyiselwa umva kwe-conductor: I-conductor kufuneka ibuyiselwe umva ngokupheleleyo qho kwiikhilomitha ezi-3-4, kwaye kufuneka kusekwe umjikelo wokubuyela umva kwicandelo ngalinye. Emva komjikelo wohlengahlengiso, isigaba somxhasi wesikhululo esingummelwane kufuneka sifane nesigaba phambi kokuqaliswa kwesikhululo esingaphantsi. Oku kukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo kunye nemigca yomqondiso kunye nokuthintela ukugqithisa.