Kwihlabathi elikhula ngokukhawuleza lezonxibelelwano, i-4Giinqaba zonxibelelwanolicandelo elibalulekileyo ekunikezeni i-intanethi ekhawulezayo ephathwayo kunye neenkonzo zonxibelelwano. Ezi nqaba, ezidla ngokubizwa ngokuba ziinqaba zonxibelelwano okanyeiimonopoles zocingo, ziyilelwe ukuxhasa iziseko ezingundoqo ezifunekayo kuqhagamshelwano olungenamthungo. Ukuqonda ukuba inqaba ye-4G ibonakala njani inokunika ingqiqo malunga nendlela amanethiwekhi onxibelelwano anamhlanje asebenza ngayo.
Inqaba yonxibelelwano ye-4G eqhelekileyo yisakhiwo eside esithe nkqo, esinokuhluka ngokuyila kunye nobude. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka iinqaba ze-lattice, iinqaba ze-monopole, kunye neenqaba ezingabonakaliyo.Iinqaba zeLatticezenziwe ngentsimbi kwaye zineziseko ezinxantathu okanye zesikwere ezibonelela ngokuzinza kunye namandla. Iinqaba zeMonopole, kwelinye icala, zizakhiwo zecylindrical enye ngokubanzi ezithandeka ngakumbi kwaye zithatha indawo encinci yomgangatho. Inqaba engabonakaliyo yenzelwe ukudibanisa kwindalo, ukulinganisa imithi okanye ezinye izakhiwo zokunciphisa impembelelo ebonakalayo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni na, iinqaba zonxibelelwano zihamba ngobude ukusuka kwi-50 ukuya kwi-200 yeenyawo, kuxhomekeke kwindawo abasebenza kuyo kunye nokhuseleko olufunekayo. Ukuphakama kubalulekile ekwandiseni uluhlu lweempawu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinqaba ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo kwindawo ebanzi.
Phezulu kwe-4G ye-telecommunications tower, uya kufumana ii-eriyali ezininzi. Ezi eriyali zibalulekile ekugqithiseni nasekufumaneni imiqondiso. Umgangatho we-4G wenqaba unokuba nee-eriyali zephaneli ezisicaba ezininzi ezibekwe kumphezulu wenqaba. Ezi-eriyali zinoxanduva lokuthumela nokufumana idatha ukuya nokusuka kwizixhobo eziphathwayo, ezivumela ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ukongeza kwii-eriyali, iinqaba zonxibelelwano zixhotyiswe ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinye izixhobo, ezibandakanya oonomathotholo, ii-eriyali zemicrowave, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha neepaneli zelanga ukuze zisebenze ngamandla. Ukudityaniswa kwala macandelo kwenza inqaba ikwazi ukujongana nee-frequencies ezininzi kwaye ibonelele ngenkonzo ethembekileyo kubasebenzisi.
Ukusasazwa kweenqaba ze-telecom ze-4G kubaluleke kakhulu. IiTowers zihlala zihlala kwiindawo ezinoxinano oluphezulu lwabantu, njengamaziko edolophu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inani eliphezulu labasebenzisi banokufikelela kwinethiwekhi. Nangona kunjalo, zinokufunyanwa nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukwandisa ukhuseleko apho lunokuthi lunqongophele. Indawo imiselwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa umhlaba, izakhiwo ezikhoyo, kunye neemfuno zokugubungela indawo ethile.
Ukugcina iinqaba ze-telecom ze-4G kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukugcina izixhobo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlaziywa kuyafuneka. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, iinqaba zinokuthi zihlaziywe ngezixhobo ezitsha zokuxhasa isantya esiphezulu sedatha kunye nokuphuculwa koqhagamshelwano, njengokutshintsha ukusuka kwi-4G ukuya kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G.
Ukushwankathela, iinqaba zonxibelelwano ze-4G ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje. Uyilo lwayo lubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo ezifana ne-monopoles kunye neenqaba zegridi, kwaye zenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu. Ezi nqaba zonxibelelwano zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaniseni abantu kunye nezixhobo ngokubeka ngobuchule i-eriyali kunye nezixhobo zokwandisa ukhuseleko. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, inkangeleko yeenqaba kunye nokusebenza kuya kuziqhelanisa, nokuqinisekisa ukuba sihlala sinxibelelana kwihlabathi elikhulayo ledijithali. Ukubona ukuba inqaba ye-4G ibonakala njani ayibonakalisi ukubaluleka kwayo kuphela, kodwa kunye nenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji yezonxibelelwano egcina sonke siqhagamshelwe.
Kwihlabathi eliguqukayo ngokukhawuleza lezonxibelelwano, iinqaba ze-4G zonxibelelwano ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekunikezeni i-intanethi ye-intanethi ye-intanethi kunye neenkonzo zonxibelelwano. Ezi nqaba, ezihlala zibizwa ngokuba ziinqaba zonxibelelwano okanye iimonopoles ze-telecom, ziyilelwe ukuxhasa iziseko eziyimfuneko kuqhagamshelo olungenamthungo. Ukuqonda ukuba inqaba ye-4G ibonakala njani inokunika ingqiqo malunga nendlela amanethiwekhi onxibelelwano anamhlanje asebenza ngayo.
Inqaba yonxibelelwano ye-4G eqhelekileyo yisakhiwo eside esithe nkqo, esinokuhluka ngokuyila kunye nobude. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka iinqaba ze-lattice, iinqaba ze-monopole, kunye neenqaba ezingabonakaliyo. Iinqaba ze-Lattice zenziwe ngentsimbi kwaye zineziseko ezinxantathu okanye zesikwere ezibonelela ngokuzinza kunye namandla. Iinqaba zeMonopole, kwelinye icala, zizakhiwo zecylindrical enye ngokubanzi ezithandeka ngakumbi kwaye zithatha indawo encinci yomgangatho. Inqaba engabonakaliyo yenzelwe ukudibanisa kwindalo, ukulinganisa imithi okanye ezinye izakhiwo zokunciphisa impembelelo ebonakalayo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni na, iinqaba zonxibelelwano zihamba ngobude ukusuka kwi-50 ukuya kwi-200 yeenyawo, kuxhomekeke kwindawo abasebenza kuyo kunye nokhuseleko olufunekayo. Ukuphakama kubalulekile ekwandiseni uluhlu lweempawu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinqaba ziyakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokufanelekileyo kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo kwindawo ebanzi.
Phezulu kwe-4G ye-telecommunications tower, uya kufumana ii-eriyali ezininzi. Ezi eriyali zibalulekile ekugqithiseni nasekufumaneni imiqondiso. Umgangatho we-4G wenqaba unokuba nee-eriyali zephaneli ezisicaba ezininzi ezibekwe kumphezulu wenqaba. Ezi-eriyali zinoxanduva lokuthumela nokufumana idatha ukuya nokusuka kwizixhobo eziphathwayo, ezivumela ukufikelela kwi-Intanethi ngesantya esiphezulu.
Ukongeza kwii-eriyali, iinqaba zonxibelelwano zixhotyiswe ngeentlobo ngeentlobo zezinye izixhobo, ezibandakanya oonomathotholo, ii-eriyali zemicrowave, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha neepaneli zelanga ukuze zisebenze ngamandla. Ukudityaniswa kwala macandelo kwenza inqaba ikwazi ukujongana nee-frequencies ezininzi kwaye ibonelele ngenkonzo ethembekileyo kubasebenzisi.
Ukusasazwa kweenqaba ze-telecom ze-4G kubaluleke kakhulu. IiTowers zihlala zihlala kwiindawo ezinoxinano oluphezulu lwabantu, njengamaziko edolophu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba inani eliphezulu labasebenzisi banokufikelela kwinethiwekhi. Nangona kunjalo, zinokufunyanwa nakwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ukwandisa ukhuseleko apho lunokuthi lunqongophele. Indawo imiselwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa umhlaba, izakhiwo ezikhoyo, kunye neemfuno zokugubungela indawo ethile.
Ukugcina iinqaba ze-telecom ze-4G kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukugcina izixhobo zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokuhlaziywa kuyafuneka. Njengoko iteknoloji iqhubela phambili, iinqaba zinokuthi zihlaziywe ngezixhobo ezitsha zokuxhasa isantya esiphezulu sedatha kunye nokuphuculwa koqhagamshelwano, njengokutshintsha ukusuka kwi-4G ukuya kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G.
Ukushwankathela, iinqaba zonxibelelwano ze-4G ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeziseko zonxibelelwano zanamhlanje. Uyilo lwayo lubonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezakhiwo ezifana ne-monopoles kunye neenqaba zegridi, kwaye zenziwe ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuhanjiswa kwedatha ngesantya esiphezulu. Ezi nqaba zonxibelelwano zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudibaniseni abantu kunye nezixhobo ngokubeka ngobuchule i-eriyali kunye nezixhobo zokwandisa ukhuseleko. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka nokuvela, inkangeleko yeenqaba kunye nokusebenza kuya kuziqhelanisa, nokuqinisekisa ukuba sihlala sinxibelelana kwihlabathi elikhulayo ledijithali. Ukubona ukuba inqaba ye-4G ibonakala njani ayibonakalisi ukubaluleka kwayo kuphela, kodwa kunye nenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo yetekhnoloji yezonxibelelwano egcina sonke siqhagamshelwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-29-2024
