Yintoni uLwakhiwo loThumelo?
Izakhiwo zothutho yenye yezona zinto zibonakalayo zenkqubo yokuhambisa umbane. Baxhasa abaqhubiesetyenziselwa ukuthutha amandla ombane ukusuka kwimithombo yokuvelisa ukuya kumthwalo wabathengi. Iintambo zothumelo zithwala umbane ixesha elideimigama kumandla ombane aphezulu, ngokwesiqhelo phakathi kwe-10kV kunye ne-500kV.
Zininzi ziyilo ezahlukeneyo zothumelo lwezakhiwo. Iindidi ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zezi:
ILattice Steel Towers (LST), equkethe isakhelo sentsimbi yamacandelo olwakhiwo ngamnye afakwe kwi-bolt okanyewelding kunye
Iipali ze-Tubular Steel (TSP), eziziipali zentsimbi ezikroliweyo ezenziwe njengentwana okanye iziqwenga ezininzi ezifakelweyokunye.
Umzekelo we-500–kV yesekethi enye LST
Umzekelo we-220-kV i-double-circuit LST
Zombini ii-LST kunye nee-TSPs zinokuyilwa ukuba zithwale nokuba yinye okanye zibe mbini iisekethe zombane, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-single-circuit kunye ne-doublecircuit structures (jonga imizekelo engentla). Izakheko eziziisekethe eziphindwe kabini zikholisa ukubamba izincedisi kuqwalaselo oluthe nkqo okanye olupakishweyo, ngelixa izakheko eziziisekethe enye zihlala zibamba izincedisi ngokuthe tye. Ngenxa yokucwangciswa okuthe nkqo kwabaqhubi, izakhiwo zeesekethe eziphindwe kabini zide kunezakhiwo zesekethe enye. Kwimigca yombane esezantsi, izakhiwo ngamanye amaxeshabaphathe iisekethe ezingaphezulu kwezibini.
Isekethe enyeUmzila wothumelo otshintshayo (AC) unezigaba ezithathu. Kwi-voltages ephantsi, isigaba ngokuqhelekileyo siquka umqhubi omnye. Kwi-voltages ephezulu (ngaphezu kwe-200 kV), isigaba sinokuquka ii-conductor ezininzi (i-bundled) ezihlukaniswe ngama-spacers amafutshane.
Umjikelo ophindwe kabiniUmgca wothumelo we-AC uneseti ezimbini zezigaba ezithathu.
Iinqaba ezinqamlekileyo zisetyenziswa apho umgca wothumelo uphela; apho umgca wothumelo ujika kwi-angle enkulu; kwicala ngalinye lendlela enkulu yokuwela njengomlambo omkhulu, uhola wendlela, okanye intlambo enkulu; okanye ngezithuba ezisecaleni kwamacandelo athe tye ukunika inkxaso eyongezelelweyo. Inqaba efileyo yohlukile kwinqaba emisiweyo kuba yakhiwe ukuba yomelele, isoloko inesiseko esibanzi, kwaye ineentambo zomgquba ezomeleleyo.
Ubungakanani besakhiwo buyohluka ngokuxhomekeke kumbane, i-topography, ubude bexesha, kunye nodidi lwenqaba. Umzekelo, ii-500-kV LST zesekethe ephindwe kabini ziqala ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-150 ukuya ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezingama-200 ubude, kunye nesekethe enye eyi-500-kV iinqaba zisuka kuma-80 ukuya kuma-200 ubude.
Izakhiwo zeesekethe eziphindwe kabini zide kunezo zesekethe enye ngenxa yokuba izigaba zicwangciswe ngokuthe nkqo kwaye isigaba esisezantsi kufuneka sigcine ubuncinci bokucoceka komhlaba, ngelixa izigaba zicwangciswe ngokuthe tye kwizakhiwo zesekethe enye. Njengoko i-voltage inyuka, izigaba kufuneka zihlulwe ngumgama omningi ukukhusela naliphi na ithuba lokuphazamiseka okanye ukukhwela. Ke ngoko, iinqaba zamandla ombane aphezulu kunye neepali zinde kwaye zineengalo ezinqamlezayo ezithe tyaba ezithe tyaba kunezakhiwo zombane ophantsi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-25-2022
